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- BOGOMIPS(tm) mini-HOWTO
- Wim C.A. van Dorst <baron@clifton.hobby.nl>
- 11 June 1994
-
- This text gives a little information about BogoMips, compiled
- from various sources by news and mail.
-
- The Lowest: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 386DX/16 387 nocache
- 0.57 BogoMips
-
- The Highest: Rick Brown <ccastrb@prism.gatech.edu>
- 486DX2/80
- 40.0 BogoMips
-
-
- >From Lars Wirzenius' mail of 9 September 1993, explaining Bogomips:
-
- MIPS is short for Millions of Instructions Per Second.
- It is a measure for the computation speed of a program.
- Like most such measures, it is more often abused than
- used properly (it is very difficult to justly compare
- MIPS for different kinds of computers).
-
- BogoMips are Linus's invention. The kernel (or was it a
- device driver?) needs a timing loop (the time is too
- short and/or needs to be too exact for a non-busy-loop
- method of waiting), which must be calibrated to the
- processor speed of the machine. Hence, the kernel
- measures at boot time how fast a certain kind of busy
- loop runs on a computer. "Bogo" comes from "bogus", i.e,
- something which is a fake. Hence, the BogoMips value
- gives some indication of the processor speed, but it is
- way too unscientific to be called anything but BogoMips.
-
- The reasons (there are two) it is printed during bootup
- is that a) it is slightly useful for debugging and for
- checking that the computers caches and turbo button work,
- and b) Linus loves to chuckle when he sees confused
- people on the news.
-
-
- >From an setup in Ian Jackson's List of Frequently asked questions, of
- 23 January 1994, and from mail from Przemek Klosowski at 29 March 1994,
- updated for current data:
-
- As a very approximate guide the BogoMips will be:
-
- System BogoMips Index
- 386SX clock * (0.14 plusminus 0.01) 0.76
- 386DX clock * (0.18 plusminus 0.01) 1 (definition)
- 486Cyrix/IBM clock * (0.33 plusminus 0.04) 1.84
- 486SX/DX/DX2 clock * (0.50 plusminus 0.01) 2.80
- Pentium clock * (0.39 plusminus 0.01) 2.21
-
- Note that the BogoMips calculation loop is not optimized
- for the parallelism of the Pentium processor.
-
-
- >From Linus Torvalds, explaining about the variation one may see
- in the BogoMips rating, in col.development, at 28 April 1994
-
- The BogoMips calculation loop is "quantizised", so you're
- most likely to get the exact same number all the time.
- You usually will get different numbers only if the speed
- is just on the "edge", when small variations (different
- time for interrupt ticks etc) will make it jump from one
- value to the other.
-
-
- >From the readme file of the standalone BogoMips program
- by Jeff Tranter.
-
- Tired of rebooting your system so you can see how many
- BogoMIPS it's running at today? [...] "Bogomips" is a
- standalone program that displays your system performance
- using one of the world's most recognized benchmarks. It
- uses the same code that is used in the Linux kernel while
- booting, but runs as a user program. [...] Version 1.3 of
- BogoMIPs is now portable and should run on any system
- that supports an ANSI C compiler and library.
-
- Note that due to system load values calculated with the
- standalone program may be lower than from the booting
- sequence, and thus than registered in the list below.
-
-
- Let me add that there are only two reasons for paying attention
- to the BogoMips rating that is presented on booting Linux:
-
- 1. To see whether it is in the proper range for the
- particular processor, its clock frequency, and the
- potentially present cache. Especially 486 systems are
- prone to faulty setups of RAM caching, turbo-buttons,
- and such things.
-
- 2. To see whether your system is faster than mine. Of
- course this is completely wrong, unreliable,
- ill-founded, and utterly useless, but all benchmarks
- suffer from this same problem. So why not use it? This
- inherent stupidity has never before stopped people
- from using benchmarks, has it? :-)
-
-
- The following table gives some reported BogoMips ratings for
- various systems. Note that the ratings here are from the Linux
- actual boot sequence.
-
- A. Oddly or faultly configured 386 systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 386DX/16 387 nocache 0.57 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 386/16 Zenith 0.67 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 386DX/25 0.82 Philip Wright <philip.wright@purplet.demon.co.uk>
- 386DX/25 nocache 1.03 Mark A. Horton <mahmha@crl.com>
- 386SX/16 1.5 Stefan Kromer <sk@galaxy.sunflower.sub.org>
- 386SX/20 1.87 Paul C. Dulany <pcdulany@wam.umd.edu>
- 386DX/25(?) 128c 6.03 Chuck Meo <meo@solbourne.com>
-
- B. Normal 386 SX systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 386SX/16 Packard Bell 2.05 <root@Belvedere\%hip-hop.suvl.ca.us>
- 386SX/16 2.15 Warren Stevens <wgsteven@undergrad.math.uwaterloo.co>
- 386SX/16 2.2 Lech Marcinkowski <puolalm@tekla.fi>
- 386SX/16 2.23 Andrew Bulhak <acb@yoyo.cc.monash.edu.au>
- 386SX/16 2.23 Steven M. Gallo <smgallo@cs.buffalo.edu>
- 386SX/16 turbo 2.38 Andrew Haylett <ajh@gec-mrc.co.uk>
- 386SX/16 nocache 2.43 Adam Clarke <adamc@loose.apana.org.au>
- 386SX/20 2.7 Alex Strasheim <astrashe@nyx.cs.du.edu>
- 386SXL/25 AMD 2.9 Vaughan R. Pratt <pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU>
- 386SX/25 AMD nocache 3.06 K.J. MacDonald <kenny@festival.ed.ac.uk>
- 386SX/25 AMD 3.38 Hamish Coleman <hamish@zot.apana.org.au>
- 386SL/25 Intel 3.57 Stephen Harris <harris@teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk>
- 386SX/25 AMD 3.62 Stephen Harris <harris@teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk>
- 386SX/33 Intel 4.06 Kenneth J. Hoover <ken@PSUEDVAX.PSU.EDU>
- 386SX/33 4.71 Alexander Pet. Komlik <apkom@l.ukrcom.kherson.ua>
-
- C. Normal 386 DX systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 386DX/20 Intel 3.0 Malcolm Reeves <reeves@rocky1.usask.cs>
- 386DX/20 Intel 3.08 Stephen Harris <harris@teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk>
- 386DX/20 Nec Powermate 3.22 David J Dawkins <davidd@isl.co.uki>
- 386DX/20 3.67 Joost Helberg <jhelberg@nlsun8.oracle.nl>
- 386DX/25 3.91 Ian McCloghrie <imcclogh@cs.ucsd.edu>
- 386DX/25 3.95 Grant Edwards <grante@aquarius.rosemount.com>
- 386DX/25 32cache 4.53 Jussi M.A. Lahtinen <jmalahti@klaava.Helsinki.FI>
- 386DX/33 5.86 Tim Lacy <timla@microsoft.com>
- 386DX/33 64cache 5.99 Lars Wirzenius <wirzeniu@kruuna.Helsinki.FI>
- 386DX/33 Intel 5.99 Harri Pasanen <hpasanen@cs.hut.fi>
- 386DX/33 no387 6.03 Joel B.Levin <levin@bbn.com>
- 386DX/33 387 6.03 Peter Bechtold <peter@fns.greenie.muc.de>
- 386DX/33 387 256cache 6.65 Wim van Dorst <baron@clifton.hobby.nl>
- 386DX/40 6.99 Ken Wilcox <wilcox@math.psu.edu>
- 386DX/40 AMD 7.10 Kerry Person <kperson@plains.NoDak.edu>
- 386DX/40 7.10 Dhaliwal Bikram Singh <a336dhal@cdf.toronto.edu>
- 386DX/40 128cache 7.23 Julian Francis Day <jfd0@aber.ac.uk>
- 386DX/40 bogoboosted 7.23 Pat St Jean <stjean@math.enmu.edu>
- 386DX/40 AMD 128cache 7.23 Ralf Bergs <rabe@akela.informatik.rwth-aachen.de>
- 386DX/40 slow DRAM 7.26 John Lockwood <lockwood@pan.vlsi.uiuc.eu>
- 386DX/40 128c 7.29 Karsten Friese <ftdkafr@ftd.ericsson.se>
- 386DX/40 7.29 Eric Chris Garrison <ericg@nickel.ucs.indiana.edu>
- 386DX/40 7.29 Darin Cowan <cowan@rubicon.org>
- 386DX/40 7.29 Bonne van Dijk <bonne@cs.utwente.nl>
- 386DX/40 AMD 387 64c 7.91 <wires@gnu.ai.mit.edu>
- 396DX/40 64c 7.98 Dean Junk <dpjunk@mm.com>
- 386DX/40 AMD 32c 7.98 Tommy Olsen <tommyo@ifi.uio.no>
- 386DX/40 7.98 Christian Nelson <cnelson@csugrad.cs.vt.edu>
-
- D. Oddly or faultly configured 486 systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 486DX/33 nocache 1.45 Mark Gray <vatavian@gvu1.gatech.edu>
- 486DLC/40 nocache 2.45 Steven Schendel <sschend@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
- 486DX/33 3.61 Marten van de Laan <marten@cs.rug.nl>
- 486DX/33 noturbo 3.61 Dimitris Evmorfopoulos <devmorfo@mtu.edu>
- 486DX/33 256c noturbo 4.25 Wouter Liefting <wlieftin@cs.vu.nl>
- 486DX/33 4.66 Mark Gray <vatavian@gvu1.gatech.edu>
- 486Rx2 Cyrix 25/50 4.85 <cosc19v2@menudo.uh.edu>
- 486SX/33 noturbo 5.21 Scott D. Heavner <sdh@fishmonger.nouucp>
- 486SLC Cyrix 7 Pieter Verhaeghe <pive@uia.ac.be>
- 486DLC/33 387DX/40 9.47 Denis Solaro <drzob@vectrex.login.qc.ca>
- 486SLC2/25 14.6 Vaughan R. Pratt <pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU>
- 486DX/33 turbo 19.98 Chris Vetter <cbvetter@rbg.informatik.th-darmstadt.de>
-
- E. Cyrix/IBM configured 486 systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 486DLC/33 Cyrix 386 11.2 Alex Freed <freed@europa.orion.adobe.com>
- 486DLC/40 256c 11.33 Steven Schendel <sschend@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
- 486DRx2/40 Cyrix 13.10 Christopher Lau <clau@acs.ucalgary.ca>
- 486DLC/40 bogoboost 13.21 Harry Pasanen <ps@tekla.fi>
- 486DLC/40 487 Cyrix 13.21 Ian A. Verschuren <iav@po.CWRU.Edu>
- 486DCL Cyrix 13.3 Tracer Bullet P.I. <ges@earth.baylor.edu>
- 486DLC/40 13.31 Adam Frampton <frampton@access2.digex.net>
- 486DLC/40 13.31 Rick Chow <crc@cacs.usl.edu>
- 486DLC/40 TI 128c 15.97 Philip K. Roban <phil@seal.micro.umn.edu>
- 486DRx2 20/40 15.99 Christopher Lau <lauc@fusion.cuc.ab.ca>
- 486SLC2/66 IBM 64c 18.95 Sujat Jamil <sujat@shasta.ee.umn.edu>
- 486SLC2/66 IBM 128c 18.95 Sujat Jamil <sujat@shasta.ee.umn.edu>
- 486SLC2/66 19.02 Harry Mangalam <mangalam@uci.edu>
-
- F. Normal 486 systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 486SX/20 DECpc 9.98 Thomas Pfau <pfau@cnj.digex.com>
- 486SX/25 12.24 Michael Buchenrieder <mibu@scrum.greenie.muc.de>
- 486SX/25 12.42 Mark R. Lindsey <mlindsey@nyx.cs.du.edu>
- 486DX/25 12.5 Phillip Hardy <phillip@mserve.kiwi.gen.nz>
- 486DX/33 15.8 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 486DX/33 64cache 16.1 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 486DX/33 256c 16.33 Eric Kemminan <ekemmina@pms709.ms.ford.com>
- 486DX/33 16.35 Christopher L. Morrow <cm43@andrew.cmu.edu>
- 486DX/33 256c DIY 16.44 Wouter Liefting <wlieftin@cs.vu.nl>
- 486DX/33 Intel 128c 16.44 Rafal Kustra <g1krakow@cdf.toronto.edu>
- 486DX/33 16.5 Alex Freed <freed@europa.orion.adobe.com>
- 486DX/33 16.6 Vaughan R. Pratt <pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU>
- 486DX/33 noturbo 16.61 Chris Vetter <cbvetter@rbg.informatik.th-darmstadt.de>
- 486DX/33 16.61 Jeffrey L. Newbern <jnewbern@athena.mit.edu>
- 486DX/33 16.61 M. Heuler <heuler@cip.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.edu>
- 486DX/33 16.61 Frank Lofaro <ftlofaro@unlv.edu>
- 486DX/40 19.8 Jose Calhariz <cal@minerva.inesc.pt>
- 486DX/40 19.91 M. Heuler <heuler@cip.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.edu>
- 486DX/40 Intel 19.97 Paul van Spronsen <vspr@teppic.sun.ac.za>
- 486DX/40 19.97 Ulf Tietz <ulf@rio70.bln.sni.de>
- 486DX/40 19.97 <Eberhard\_Moenkeberg@p27.rollo.central.de>
- 486DX/40 AMD 20 Chuck Munro <chuckm@canada.hp.com>
- 486DX/50 24.48 Arnd Gehrmann <arnd@rea>
- 486DX/50 AMD 24.85 Klaas Hemstra <hst@mh.nl>
- 486DX/50 DTK 24.85 Randolph Christophers <randyc@lna.oz.au>
- 486DX/50 24.85 Kevin Lentin <kevinl@bruce.cs.monash.edu.au>
- 486DX2/50 24.85 Jason Matthew <jmatthew@kn.pacbell.com>
- 486DX/50 25 Robert Herzog <rherzog@rc1.vub.ac.be>
- 486DX2/50 25.0 Christian Holtje <choltje@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu>
- 486DX2/50 DECpc 25.04 Thomas Pfau <pfau@cnj.digex.com>
- 486DX/50 25.10 M. Heuler <heuler@cip.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.edu>
- 486DX2/66 33 Alec Muffett <alecm@uk-usenet.uk.sun.com>
- 486DX2/66 33 Steve Tinney <sjt@enlil.museum.upenn.edu>
- 486DX2/66 Intel 33 Chuck Munro <chuckm@canada.hp.com>
- 486DX2/66 33.2 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 486DX2/66 33.20 Arnd Gehrmann <arnd@rea>
- 486DX2/66 33.22 Brian Ricker <gt2327c@prism.gatech.edu>
- 486DX2/66 33.22 Chien-An Chen <giant@nwu.edu>
- 486DX2/66 Eisa/VL 33.22 Serge <sviznyuk@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
- 486DX2/66 AMD 33.22 Wayne Robinson <wayner@renoir.cftnet.com>
- 486DX2/66 33.3 Devon Tuck <devon@netcom.com>
- 486DX2/66 256cache 33.4 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@ahab.eecs.nwu.edu>
- 486DX2/66 33.5 Jongyoon Lee <mr2@netcom.com>
- 486DX2/66 33.55 <al-b@minster.york.ac.uk>
- 486DX2/66 ICL 33.55 Mathias Koerber <mathias@solomon.technet.sg>
- 486DX2/66 256c Intel 33.81 Stephen Harris <harris@teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk>
- 486DX2/66 34.06 Al Clark <aclark@netcom.com>
- 486/66 overclocked 39.94 Mario L. Guttierez <mgutier@mentor.sdu.edu>
- 486DX2/80 39.94 Danny ter Haar <danny@caution.cistron.nl.mugnet.org>
- 486DX2/80 40.0 Rick Brown <ccastrb@prism.gatech.edu>
-
- G. Normal Pentium systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- Pentium/60 23 Chien-An Chen <giant@nwu.edu>
- Pentium 23.96 Joost Helberg <jhelberg@nlsun8.oracle.nl>
- Pentium 23.96 Ulf Tietz <ulf@rio70.bln.sni.de>
- Pentium/60 Gateway 23.96 Manoj Kasichainula <mvkasich@eos.ncsu.edu>
- Pentium/60 NCR 3455 24 Mathias Koerber <mathias@solomon.technet.sg>
- Pentium/66 25 Chuck Munro <chuckm@canada.hp.com>
- Pentium/90 36 Larry Auton <lda@nfa.research.att.com>
- Pentium/90 Zeos 36.08 Chris Laurel <claurel@mr.net>
-
- H. Other systems
-
- System BogoMips Reporter
- 68030/25 Amiga 3000 6.21 Hamish Macdonald <hamish@bnr.ca>
- 68040/24 Amiga 4000/40 16.6 Hamish Macdonald <hamish@bnr.ca>
-
-
- Isolde is now one month (plus one day) old. She has discovered
- that when you start screaming earlier than seven o' clock in
- the morning, you might even get an extra bottle.
-
- Met vriendelijke groeten, Wim van Dorst.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
- Blue Baron = Wim van Dorst, Voice (+31) 074-443937, (+31) 02152-42319
- (-: baron@clifton.hobby.nl WvD@Akzo.nl :-)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
-